Cats can experience anxiety and stress for various reasons. These could include changes in their environment, separation from their owners, new pets in the household, or medical issues. It’s important to be able to recognize the signs of anxiety or stress in cats so that appropriate measures can be taken to alleviate their discomfort. Here are some common signs of an anxious or stressed cat:

1. Excessive grooming: Cats are known for their grooming habits, but when they become anxious or stressed, they may overdo it. Excessive grooming can lead to hair loss, bald spots, and skin irritation.
2. Hiding or avoiding interaction: When cats are stressed, they may hide or avoid contact with their owners or other animals in the household. They may retreat to a secluded area or refuse to come out of their hiding spot.
3. Aggressive behavior: Cats that are anxious or stressed may become aggressive towards their owners, other pets, or even themselves. They may hiss, scratch, or bite, and may also exhibit destructive behavior such as scratching furniture or walls.
4. Urinating or defecating outside of the litter box: If a cat is anxious or stressed, they may start urinating or defecating outside of their litter box. This behavior can be a sign of a urinary tract infection or other medical issues, but it can also be caused by stress.
5. Changes in appetite: A stressed or anxious cat may experience a loss of appetite or may eat less than usual. They may also become more finicky about the type of food they eat.
6. Excessive vocalization: Cats that are anxious or stressed may meow or yowl more than usual. This can be a sign of distress or a call for attention.
7. Restlessness: An anxious or stressed cat may be unable to relax or settle down. They may pace, fidget, or appear agitated.
8. Lethargy: On the other hand, some cats may become lethargic or listless when they are stressed or anxious. They may sleep more than usual or seem disinterested in their surroundings.
9. Excessive scratching: Cats that are anxious or stressed may scratch more than usual. This behavior can be a sign of discomfort or a way to relieve stress.
10. Excessive shedding: Cats that are anxious or stressed may shed more than usual. This can be caused by excessive grooming or changes in hormone levels.

If you notice any of these signs in your cat, it’s important to consult with your veterinarian to rule out any underlying medical issues. Once medical issues have been ruled out, there are several things you can do to help your cat feel more relaxed and comfortable. These may include providing a safe and comfortable environment, using pheromone sprays or diffusers, providing mental stimulation through play or puzzle toys, and creating a regular routine for feeding and playtime. In some cases, medication may be necessary to help alleviate anxiety or stress in cats.